国际劳工组织全体大会，
经国际劳工局理事会召集于１９３６年１０月６日在日内瓦举行第２１届会议，
经议决采纳本届大会议程第２项所列关于海员疾病保险的若干提议，
经决议这些提议应采取国际公约的方式，
于１９３６年１０月２４日通过下述公约，此公约得称为《１９３６年疾病保险（
海员）公约》。
第１条
１．在本公约生效的领土上登记并从事海运或海上捕鱼的任何船舶上以船长或船员
或其他服务身份受雇的每个人都应根据强制疾病保险体制给予保险，但在军舰上受雇的
人员除外。
２．国际劳工组织任何会员国都可以在其国家法律或条例中对下述情况规定其认为
必要的例外：
（ａ）在政府当局的船舶上受雇的人员，当这种船舶不从事贸易运输时；
（ｂ）其工资或收入超过规定的数额的人员；
（ｃ）不付给货币工资的人员；
（ｄ）非居住在该会员国领土上的人员；
（ｅ）低于或高于规定的年龄界限的人员；
（ｆ）雇主的家庭成员；
（ｇ）引航员。
第２条
１．由于疾病原因丧失工作能力并被剥夺工资的受保人应有权从付津贴的第一天（
包括第一天）起至少在丧失工作能力的第一个２６周或１８０天内享受现金津贴。
２．一旦证明期限和从丧失工作能力算起的几天的等候时间结束，就可以定出享受
津贴的权利。
３．当存在一般强制疾病保险体制但不适用于海员时，受保人的现金津贴决不应定
得低于这种体制所定的数额。
４．现金津贴可以被扣留：
（ａ）当受保人在船上或国外时；
（ｂ）当受保人由保险机构或公共基金供养时。但即使这样，当受保人有家庭义务
时，应
仅能扣留部分现金津贴；
（ｃ）当就同一疾病受保人按法律从另一机构收到他有权享受的补偿时。但即使这
样，如
果这种补偿等于或少于按疾病保险体制付给的津贴数额，则全部或部分扣留现金
津
贴。
５．如果疾病是由于受保人的故意不当行为所致，可以减少或拒付现金津贴。
第３条
１．从其患病开始至少到规定的付给疾病津贴期限满期止，受保人应有权免费享受
完全合格的医师的医疗和合适而足够的药品和医疗器械的供应。
２．可以要求受保人支付国家法律或条例可能规定的部分医疗津贴费用。
３．当受保人在船上或国外时，可以扣留医疗津贴。
４．每当情况需要时，保险机构可以向患病者提供医院治疗，在这种情况下，应向
他支付全部生活费，并给予必要的医疗护理。
第４条
１．当受保人在国外并由于患病原因丧失享受工资的权利时，如果不是在国外他本
该享受的现金津贴，不论以前全部或部分付给，应在他回到该会员国领土之前全部或部
分付给其家庭。
２．国家法律或条例可以规定或授权提供下述津贴：
（ａ）当受保人有家庭义务时，第２条规定外的附加现金津贴；
（ｂ）当受保人的家庭成员和受其赡养者患病时，实物或现金资助。
第５条
１．国家法律或条例应规定一些条件，当受保妇女在该会员国领土上时，应有权享
受产妇津贴。
２．国家法律或条例可以规定一些条件，当受保人的妻子在该会员国的领土上时，
应有权享受产妇津贴。
第６条
１．受保人死亡后，国家法律或条例规定的一定数额的现金津贴应付给死亡者的家
庭成员或用于支付葬礼费。
２．如果对死亡海员的遗属存在有效的抚恤金体制，上款规定的现金津贴不应是强
制性的。
第７条
即使对在上个雇用合同终止后的一定期限的期间内发生的疾病，享受保险津贴的权
利也应继续；这个期限应由国家法律或条例确定，但要包括连续雇用之间的正常间隔时
间。
第８条
１．受保人及其雇主应分摊疾病保险体制的费用。
２．国家法律或条例可以规定；政府当局提供财政捐款。
第９条
１．疾病保险应由自治机构管理，这种自治机构应受政府当局的行政或财政监督，
其经营目的不是为了盈利。
２．受保人应按照国家法律或条例规定的条件参加对这种机构的管理；对于按法律
或条例专门为海员设立的保险机构，雇主也应按照国家法律或条例规定的条件参加对这
种机构的管理；国家法律或条例还可以规定其他有关人员参加这种管理。
３．当由于国家条件的原因使自治机构对疾病保险的管理变得困难或不可能时，会
员国政府可以直接对其进行管理。
第１０条
１．当受保人对其享受津贴的权利有争端时，受保人应有权上诉。
２．应通过特别法院或按国家法律或条例认为合适的任何其他方法，使解决争端的
程序对受保人来说既迅速又廉价。
第１１条
本公约任何条款都不得影响比本公约规定的那些更优惠的条件的任何法律、裁决书
、惯例或船东和海员签订的协议的执行。
第１２条
１．就国际劳工组织章程第３５条所述的领土而言，批准本公约的本组织的各会员
国应在其批准书上附加一宣言，声明：
（ａ）对于哪些领土，它保证不加修改地应用本公约的条款；
（ｂ）对于哪些领土，它保证应用本公约的条款，但要作修改并附有所作修改的细
节；
（ｃ）对于哪些领土，本公约不适用以及不适用的理由；
（ｄ）对于哪些领土，它保留其决定。
２．本条第１款（ａ）和（ｂ）项所述的许诺应被视为批准书的组成部分并应具有
批准书的效力。
３．根据本条第１款（ｂ）、（ｃ）和（ｄ）各项，任何会员国可以通过随后的宣
言全部或部分取消其原宣言里的任何保留。
第１３条
本公约的正式批准书应送请国际劳工局局长登记。
第１４条
１．本公约应仅对其批准书已经局长登记的国际劳工组织各会员国具有约束力。
２．本公约应自两个会员国的批准书已经局长登记之日起１２月后生效。
３．此后，对于任何会员国，本公约应自其批准书已经登记之日起１２个月后生效
。
第１５条
国际劳工组织两个会员国的批准书一旦被登记，国际劳工局局长应立即将此通知国
际劳工组织所有会员国。他也应将本组织其他会员国可能随后送达的批准书的登记情况
通知所有会员国。
第１６条
１．凡已批准本公约的会员国，自本公约初次生效之日起满１０年后可向国际劳工
局局长通知解约，并请其登记。此项解约通知书自经登记之日起满１年后始得生效。
２．凡已批准本公约的会员国，在前款所述１０年期满后的１年内，如未行使本条
所规定的解约权利，即须再遵守１０年。此后每当１０年期满，可依本条的规定通知解
约。
第１７条
国际劳工局理事会在其认为必要时，应将本公约的实施情况向大会提出报告，并审
查应否将本公约的全部或局部修正问题列入大会议程。
第１８条
１．如大会通过一项对本公约作全部或局部修正的新公约，除该新公约另有规定外
，则：
（ａ）在新修正公约已生效时，尽管有上述第１６条规定，会员国对于新修正公约
的批准，
依法应为对本公约的立即解约；
（ｂ）自新修正公约生效之日起，本公约应停止接受会员国的批准。
２．对于已批准本公约而未批准新修正公约的会员国，本公约的现有形式及内容，
在任何情况下，仍应有效。
第１９条
本公约的法文本与英文本同等为准。
【名称】 CONVENTION No.56 Convention concerning Sickness Insurance for
Sea-men
【题注】 [Date of coming into force: 9 December 1949.]
Whole document
The General Conference of the International Labour Organization,
Having been convened at Geneva by the Governing Body of the International
Labour Office, and having met in its twenty-first Session on 6 October 1936,
and
Having decided upon the adoption of certain proposals with regard to
sickness insurance for seamen, which is included in the second item on the
agenda of the Session, and
Having determined that these proposals shall take the form of an international
Convention, adopts this twenty-fourth day of October of the year one thousand
nine hundred and thirty-six the following Convention, which may be cited as
the Sickness Insurance (Sea) Convention, 1936: Article 1
1. Every person employed as master or Member of the crew or otherwise
in the service of the ship, on board any vessel, other than a ship of war,
registered in a territory for which this Convention is in force and engaged
in maritime navigation or sea-fishing, shall be insured under a compulsory
sickness insurance scheme.
2. Provided that any Member of the International Labour Organization
may in its national laws or regulations make such exceptions as it deems necessary
in respect of
(a) persons employed on board vessels of public authorities when such
vessels are not engaged in trade;
(b) persons whose wages or income exceed a prescribed amount;
(c) persons who are not paid a money wage;
(d) persons not resident in the territory of the Member;
(e) persons below or above prescribed age-limits;
(f) members of the employer's family;
(g) pilots.
Article 2
1. An insured person who is rendered incapable of work and deprived of
his wages by reason of sickness shall be entitled to a cash benefit for at
least the first twenty-six weeks or one hundred and eighty days of incapacity
from and including the first day for which benefit is payable.
2. The right to benefit may be made conditional upon the completion of
a qualifying period and of a waiting period of a days to be counted from the
beginning of the incapacity.
3. The cash benefit granted to the insured person shall never be fixed
at a rate lower than that fixed by the general scheme of compulsory sickness
insurance, where such a scheme exists but does not apply to seamen.
4. Cash benefit may be withheld
(a) while the insured person is on board or abroad;
(b) while the insured person is maintained by the insurance institution
or from public funds. Provided that in such case it shall only partially be
withheld when the insured person has family responsibilities;
(c) while in respect of the same illness the insured person receives
compensation from another source to which he is entitled by law, so however
that in such case benefit shall only be wholly or partially withheld if and
so far as such compensation is equal to or less than the amount of the benefit
payable under the sickness insurance scheme.
5. Cash benefit may be reduced or refused in the case of sickness caused
by the insured person's wilful misconduct. Article 3
1. The insured person shall be entitled free of charge, as from the commencement
of his illness and at least until the period prescribed for the grant of sickness
benefit expires, to medical treatment by a fully qualified medical practitioner
and to the supply of proper and sufficient medicines and appliances.
2. Provided that the insured person may be required to pay such part
of the cost of medical benefit as may be prescribed by national laws or regulations.
3. Medical benefit may be withheld while the insured person is on board
or abroad.
4. Whenever the circumstances so require, the insurance institution may
provide for the treatment of the sick person in hospital and in such case shall
grant him full maintenance together with the necessary medical attention and
care.
Article 4
1. When the insured person is abroad and by reason of sickness has lost
his right to wages, whether previously payable in whole or in part, the cash
benefit to which he would have been entitled had he not been abroad shall be
paid in whole or in part to his family until his return to the territory of
the Member.
2. National laws or regulations may prescribe or authorise the provision
of the following benefits:
(a) when the insured person has family responsibilities, a cash benefit
additional to that provided for in Article 2;
(b) in case of the sickness of members of the insured person's family
living in his home and dependent on him, aid in kind or in cash. Article 5
1. National laws or regulations shall prescribe the conditions under
which an insured woman, while in the territory of the Member, shall be entitled
to maternity benefit.
2. National laws or regulations may prescribe the conditions under which
the wife of an insured man, while in the territory of the Member, shall be
entitled to maternity benefit Article 6
1. On the death of the insured person, a cash benefit of an amount prescribed
by national laws or regulations shall be paid to the members of the family
of the deceased or be applied for defraying the funeral expenses.
2. Where there is in force a pension scheme for the survivors of deceased
seamen, the grant of the cash benefit provided for in the preceding paragraph
shall not be compulsory. Article 7
The right to insurance benefit shall continue even in respect of sickness
occurring during a definite period after the termination of the last engagement,
which period shall be fixed by national laws or regulations in such a way as
to cover the normal interval between successive engagements. Article 8
1. The insured persons and their employers shall share in providing the
financial resources of the sickness insurance scheme.
2. National laws or regulations may provide for a financial contribution
by the public authorities.
Article 9
1. Sickness insurance shall be administered by self-governing institutions,
which shall be under the administrative and financial supervision of the public
authorities and shall not be carried on with a view to profit.
2. Insured persons, and in the case of insurance institutions set up
specially for seamen under laws or regulations the employers also, shall participate
in the management of the institutions under such conditions as may be prescribed
by national laws or regulations, which may also provide for the participation
of other persons concerned.
3. Provided that the administration of sickness insurance may be undertaken
directly by the State where and so long as its administration by self-governing
institutions is rendered difficult or impossible by reason of national conditions.
Article 10
1. The insured person shall have a right of appeal in case of dispute
concerning his right to benefit.
2. The procedure for dealing with disputes shall be rendered rapid and
inexpensive for the insured person by means of special courts or any other
method deemed appropriate under national laws or regulations. Article 11
Nothing in this Convention shall affect any law, award, custom or agreement
between shipowners and seamen which ensures more favourable conditions than
those provided by this Convention. Article 12
1. In respect of the territories referred to in article 35 of the Constitution
of the International Labour Organization, each Member of the Organization which
ratifies this Convention shall append to its ratification a declaration stating
(a) the territories in respect of which it undertakes to apply the provisions
of the Convention without modification;
(b) the territories in respect of which it undertakes to apply the provisions
of the Convention subject to modifications, together with details of the said
modifications;
(c) the territories in respect of which the Convention is inapplicable
and in such cases the grounds on which it is inapplicable;
(d) the territories in respect of which it reserves its decision.
2. The undertakings referred to in subparagraphs (a) and (b) of paragraph
1 of this Article shall be deemed to be an integral part of the ratification
and shall have the force of ratification.
3. Any member may by a subsequent declaration cancel in whole or in part
any reservations made in its original declaration in virtue of subparagraphs
(b), (c) or (d) of paragraph 1 of this Article.
Article 13
The formal ratifications of this Convention shall be communicated to
the Director-General of the International Labour Office for registrations.
Article 14
1. This Convention shall be binding only upon those Members of the International
Labour Organization whose ratifications have been registered with the Director-General.
2. It shall come into force twelve months after the date on which the
ratifications of two Members have been registered with the Director-General.
3. Thereafter, this Convention shall come into force for any Member twelve
months after the date on which its ratification has been registered. Article
15
As soon as the ratifications of two members of the International Labour
Organization have been registered, the Director-General of the International
Labour Office shall so notify all the Members of the International Labour Organization.
He shall likewise notify them of the registration of ratifications which may
be communicated subsequently by other Members of the Organization. Article
16
1. A Member which has ratified this Convention may denounce it after
the expiration of ten years from the date on which the Convention first comes
into force, by an act communicated to the Director-General of the International
Labour Office for registration. Such denunciation shall not take effect until
one year after the date on which it is registered.
2. Each Member which has ratified this Convention and which does not,
within the year following the expiration of the period of ten years mentioned
in the preceding paragraph, exercise the right of denunciation provided for
in this Article, will be bound for another period of ten years and, thereafter,
may denounce this Convention at the expiration of each period of ten years
under the terms provided for in this Article. Article 17
At such times as it may consider necessary the Governing Body of the
International Labour Office shall present to the General Conference a report
on the working of this Convention and shall examine the desirability of placing
on the agenda of the Conference the question of its revision in whole or in
part.
Article 18
1. Should the Conference adopt a new Convention revising this Convention
in whole or in part, then, unless the new Convention otherwise provides,
(a) the ratification by a Member of the new revising Convention shall
ipso jure involve the immediate denunciation of this Convention, notwithstanding
the provisions of Article 16 above, if and when the new revising Convention
shall have come into force;
(b) as from the date when the new revising Convention comes into force,
this Convention shall cease to the open to ratification by the Members.
2. This Convention shall in any case remain in force in its actual form
and content for those Members which have ratified it but have not ratified
the revising Convention. Article 19
The French and English texts of this Convention shall both be authentic.
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